redhat更改为centos的yum源

近日新安装了 redhat 但是没有图形界面,无奈自带的 yum 没法使用(提示:This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.),只有替换为 centos 的 yum 包。

下面是操作步骤:

1、查看现有安装的 yum

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa |grep yum
PackageKit-yum-0.5.8-21.el6.x86_64
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64
yum-plugin-security-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch
yum-utils-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch
yum-rhn-plugin-0.9.1-48.el6.noarch
yum-3.2.29-40.el6.noarch
PackageKit-yum-plugin-0.5.8-21.el6.x86_64

2、删除现在自带的 yum

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

再来查看卸载完没

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa |grep yum
[root@localhost ~]# 

3、下载 centos6 的 yum 安装包

64 位的系统要选择 64 位的安装包,可以在 163 的镜像站去下载 http://tel.mirrors.163.com/centos/

找到对应的包后下载下面 4 个文件:

[root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
--2017-03-08 16:26:49--  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com... 123.58.173.185, 123.58.173.186
正在连接 mirrors.163.com|123.58.173.185|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:1039196 (1015K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm”

100%[============================================================================>] 1,039,196   1.09M/s   in 0.9s    

2017-03-08 16:26:50 (1.09 MB/s) - 已保存 “yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm” [1039196/1039196])

[root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
--2017-03-08 16:30:00--  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com... 123.58.173.186, 123.58.173.185
正在连接 mirrors.163.com|123.58.173.186|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:27224 (27K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm”

100%[============================================================================>] 27,224      --.-K/s   in 0.04s   

2017-03-08 16:30:00 (623 KB/s) - 已保存 “yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm” [27224/27224])

[root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm
--2017-03-08 16:32:17--  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com... 123.58.173.185, 123.58.173.186
正在连接 mirrors.163.com|123.58.173.185|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:32844 (32K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm”

100%[============================================================================>] 32,844      --.-K/s   in 0.08s   

2017-03-08 16:32:19 (402 KB/s) - 已保存 “yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm” [32844/32844])


[root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
--2017-03-08 16:33:38--  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com... 123.58.173.186, 123.58.173.185
正在连接 mirrors.163.com|123.58.173.186|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:37052 (36K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm”

100%[============================================================================>] 37,052      --.-K/s   in 0.09s   

2017-03-08 16:33:49 (408 KB/s) - 已保存 “python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm” [37052/37052])

安装 yum

首先安装 “python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm”

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
warning: python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
        package python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch is already installed

再安装 “yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm”

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:yum-metadata-parser    ########################################### [100%]

最后两个文件要一起安装

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
warning: yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
        python-urlgrabber >= 3.9.1-10 is needed by yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch

上面出错,提示依赖更高版本的 python-urlgrabber

[root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm
--2017-03-08 16:44:47--  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com... 123.58.173.185, 123.58.173.186
正在连接 mirrors.163.com|123.58.173.185|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:87660 (86K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm”

100%[============================================================================>] 87,660      --.-K/s   in 0.1s    

2017-03-08 16:44:48 (627 KB/s) - 已保存 “python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm” [87660/87660])

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm
warning: python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:python-urlgrabber      ########################################### [100%]

再来就成功了

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm
warning: yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:yum-plugin-fastestmirro########################################### [ 50%]
   2:yum                    ########################################### [100%]

4、更换 yum 源,使用 163 的源。

切换路径

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

下载文件

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget  http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

编辑文件,把文件里面的 $releasever 全部替换为版本号(sed -i ‘s/\$releasever/6/g’ CentOS6-Base-163.repo),即 “6” 最后保存,参照下面的值。

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat CentOS6-Base-163.repo

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

5、最后检查

清空原 yum 缓存

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all

重建缓存,将服务器上的软件包信息缓存到本地,以提高搜索安装软件的速度

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache

更新 yum

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum update

查看 yum 源

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum list

原创文章,作者:tipak,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.myqqu.com/backend/redhat_change_to_centos_yum_source.html